Harvey Girls Movie
When you think of the Wild West what comes to
mind??? Cowboys, gunfights, saloon fights, lawlessness, gunslingers, and Harvey
Girls??? And I am not referring to
Judy Garland in the 1946 musical, "The Harvey Girls".
A Harvey Girl
was a waitress at the Harvey House restaurants in the American old west. These
Harvey girls raised the bar on dinning and civilities in a time not necessarily
know for either.
If you were traveling west by the railroad your
only option for food along the way was at the roadhouses located by the
railroads water stops. There you could find a meal of rancid meat, cold beans,
and week-old coffee. Not necessarily appetizing. The need for the Harvey Houses
was clear.
The Harvey House chain of restaurants, hotels, and
other hospitality industry businesses were owned by the Fred Harvey Company.
The Harvey House's were situated alongside the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe
Railways. Harvey opened his first depot restaurant in Topeka, Kansas. This
first restaurant was so well received by the rail passengers, that the
officials of the railroad allowed Harvey to build his eating establishments
along the entire route. By the late 1880's, there was a Fred Harvey restaurant
located every 100 miles along the Santa Fe line. Fred Harvey is credited with
creating the first restaurant chain in the United States.
The success of the Harvey Houses was due to
the strict standards for high quality food and first class service, by his
Harvey Girls. Harvey was able to serve fresh quality food due to the Santa Fe
Railroad agreeing to transport fresh meat and produce free of charge to any
Harvey House on the railway line. The meals were not only fresh but were served
in large portions on fine china with Irish linens. The prices for these
delicious meals were quite reasonable, it has been suggested that the Harvey
Houses originated the "blue-plate special". This was a daily
low-priced meal served on a blue- patterned china plate. Along with the quality food, the Harvey Houses maintained a high level of custom service.
The Harvey Girls were comprised of single, white,
females that were well mannered, and educated. Harvey placed ads in the
newspapers throughout the east coast and Midwest for "white, young women,
18 to 30 years of age, of good character, attractive and intelligent". The
Harvey Girls were paid $17.50 a month plus room and board and tips. The
recognizable black and white uniform was starched and consisted of a skirt that
hung no more than eight inches off the floor. The uniform also consisted of an
"Elsie" collar, opaque black stockings, and black shoes. The girls
had their hair restrained in a net and tied with a regulation white ribbon. The
Harvey Girls were not allowed to wear makeup or chew gum while working. The
Harvey Girls strict dress code and conduct followed over to their personal lives.
Fred Harvey passed down this strict code of
conduct. The Harvey Girls were expected to adhere to this code of conduct 24
hours a day. The girls were told what time to go to bed, whom to date, and even
what to wear, including jewelry and makeup. Yet with all these restrictions, by
the late 1950's over 100,000 girls had been hired.
The Harvey Houses and their Harvey Girls were a
mainstay along the Santa Fe Railway. They brought a little civility and decorum
to a harsh Old West.
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